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Cúc Phương National Park, Vietnam’s first and largest national park, is located ~120 km southwest of Hanoi in Ninh Bình province and spans roughly 22,408 hectares across Nho Quan, Hoa Binh, and Thanh Hóa districts :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}. Established in 1962, it is a biodiversity hotspot rich in karst limestone formations, ancient forest, prehistoric caves, and conservation programs for endangered species :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}.

How to Reach Cúc Phương National Park, Hanoi

From Hanoi (~120 km away), visitors can:

• Bus: Take a coach from Giáp Bat station (10 AM by Duc Hanh or 3 PM by Phu Duyen) arriving around 1 or 6 PM, or take a bus to Nho Quan then taxi onward :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}.
• Private car/motorbike: A 2–3 hr drive via NH1A, Road 12A and local roads. Motorcycling paths offer scenic countryside views :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}.
• Tour package: Most Hanoi-based tours include round-trip transfers, multi-hour park exploration, and optional overnight stay :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}.

Weather

The park experiences a humid subtropical climate: summers (May–September) reach 25–35 °C with high humidity; winters (December–February) are cooler at 9–20 °C, occasionally near freezing in high valleys :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}. Expect around 2,100 mm of annual rainfall, making December–May (dry season) ideal for visits due to milder weather and abundant butterfly displays in April–May :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}.

Timing

The park gates are open daily from 6 AM to 10 PM :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}. However, core facilities—Visitor Center, botanical areas, and animal rescue sites—can be accessed from around 8:30 or 9 AM until 5–5:30 PM (closed Mondays). To maximize your trip, plan a full day or add an overnight stay at park-managed accommodations :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}.

Why Famous for Cúc Phương National Park, Hanoi?

Cúc Phương is famed for:

• Ancient forest with trees over a thousand years old—some over 70 m tall—intermixed with limestone karst topography :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}.
• Rich biodiversity: ~2,200 plant species, 135 mammals, 336 birds, 122 reptiles/amphibians; secures rare species like Delacour’s langur, clouded leopard, pangolin, and endemic fauna :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11}.
• Significant archaeological & paleontological heritage: prehistoric cave sites dating back 7,000–12,000 years, and fossil remains over 200 million years old :contentReference[oaicite:12]{index=12}.
• Conservation pioneering: home to Vietnam’s first botanical garden (1985), a leading primate rescue center (est. 1993), and a turtle conservation program (1998) :contentReference[oaicite:13]{index=13}.

Entry and Visit Details about Cúc Phương National Park, Hanoi

Entrance Fees: Adults 60,000 VND, students 20,000 VND, children 10,000 VND :contentReference[oaicite:14]{index=14}.

Facilities: Visitor info center, botanical garden, park museum, primate and turtle rescue centers, caves, hiking trails, parking, bike/electric car rental, cafeterias, craft stalls, lodges (Garden Gate, Mac Lake, Center) :contentReference[oaicite:15]{index=15}.

History & Architecture

Founded in 1962 by Ho Chi Minh from a forest reserve, Cúc Phương preserves vestiges of Muong ethnic culture and ancient habitation, including stilt-house villages on the park fringes :contentReference[oaicite:16]{index=16}. The park’s architectural highlights include the Bronze Drum-style visitor center, traditional ethnic houses in the architecture garden, and purpose-built facilities for conservation and research :contentReference[oaicite:17]{index=17}.

Things to Do

• Indoor Exhibits & Museum: Displays of flora, fauna, insects, reptiles, minerals, and archaeological findings :contentReference[oaicite:18]{index=18}.
• Trekking & Hiking: Short loops (2–3 km), Silver Cloud Mountain hike to 648 m for panoramic views, or multi-day jungle treks requiring guides :contentReference[oaicite:19]{index=19}.
• Conservation Center Tours: Visit primate rescue (Delacour’s and Cat Ba langurs, gibbons) and turtle conservation facilities :contentReference[oaicite:20]{index=20}.
• Cave Exploration: See Con Moong cave (Mesolithic culture), Hang Người Xưa prehistoric cave, and Moon‑Crescent cave :contentReference[oaicite:21]{index=21}.
• Wildlife & Night Safari: Join guided night rides to spot fireflies, nocturnal mammals like lorises, civets, pangolins :contentReference[oaicite:22]{index=22}.
• Bird & Butterfly Watching: Spot over 300 bird species and witness vibrant butterfly swarms in spring :contentReference[oaicite:23]{index=23}.
• Cycling & Electric Car Rides: Rent bicycles or ride electric car tours around the grounds & lakes for scenic exploration :contentReference[oaicite:24]{index=24}.
• Local Culture: Visit nearby Muong villages, observe stilt-house architecture, traditional crafts, and engage in cultural homestays :contentReference[oaicite:25]{index=25}.

Facts about Cúc Phương National Park, Hanoi

• Vietnam’s first national park (1962), spans 22,408 ha :contentReference[oaicite:26]{index=26}.
• Biodiversity: ~2,234 plant species, 336 birds, 135 mammals, 122 reptiles/amphibians; home to clouded leopard, langurs, pangolins :contentReference[oaicite:27]{index=27}.
• Ancient caves contain artifacts 7,000–12,000 years old; reptile fossil dated 200–230 million years :contentReference[oaicite:28]{index=28}.
• Endangered Primate Rescue Center founded 1993 cares for 180+ primates across 15+ species :contentReference[oaicite:29]{index=29}.
• Botanical Garden started 1985; Turtle Conservation Center since 1998 :contentReference[oaicite:30]{index=30}.
• Receives ~500,000 annual visitors :contentReference[oaicite:31]{index=31}.

Tips for Visiting Cúc Phương National Park, Hanoi

• Visit Dec–May for dryer weather, fewer mosquitoes, and impressive butterfly season :contentReference[oaicite:32]{index=32}.
• Wear good walking shoes, carry rain gear, insect repellent, sun protection, and sufficient water :contentReference[oaicite:33]{index=33}.
• Book audio guides, guided treks, night safari & parking in advance on busy days :contentReference[oaicite:34]{index=34}.
• Get camera permit if you plan extensive photography of animals or remote areas :contentReference[oaicite:35]{index=35}.
• Respect conservation: don’t feed animals, stay on marked trails, clean footwear to prevent disease spread :contentReference[oaicite:36]{index=36}.
• Combine with Ninh Binh highlights: Hoa Lư, Tràng An, Van Long, or Bai Dinh Pagoda for a full-day itinerary.

Conclusion

Cúc Phương National Park is a living tapestry of Vietnam’s ecological and cultural heritage. From towering ancient trees and limestone caves to the rescue of endangered primates, this park offers a rare opportunity to explore one of Southeast Asia’s most biodiverse and historically rich forests. Whether you're a biologist, trekker, wildlife enthusiast, or curious traveler, Cúc Phương brings discovery, adventure, and meaningful conservation experiences just a few hours from Hanoi.