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Fontana Pretoria, also called the “Fountain of Shame” (Fontana della Vergogna), is a monumental Renaissance fountain located in Piazza Pretoria in central Palermo, Sicily. Created by Francesco Camilliani in 1554 and later reassembled here in 1574, the fountain dominates the square with its 12 m height, three concentric marble basins, and over 50 statues of gods, river deities, nymphs, animals and mythological creatures :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}.

How to Reach Fontana Pretoria, Palermo

• On Foot: It lies at Piazza Pretoria, one block south of Piazza Quattro Canti. It's around a 5-minute stroll from Palermo Cathedral or Teatro Massimo :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}.
• By Bus: Routes 101 or 102 from the railway station will take you to the ‘Piazza Pretoria’ stop nearby :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}.
• By Car: Limited nearby parking; better to park near Prato della Valle or along Via Roma and walk in. Piazza Pretoria sits within a ZTL (restricted zone) :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}.

Weather at Palermo

Palermo enjoys a Mediterranean climate with hot dry summers (up to 35 °C) and mild winters (0–15 °C). Spring and autumn offer the most pleasant weather—ideal for sightseeing and strolling the square.

Timing to Visit

Piazza Pretoria and its fountain are public and accessible 24 hours a day, year-round :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}. Best times to visit are early morning or late afternoon for softer lighting and fewer crowds :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}.

Why Famous?

Fontana Pretoria is famous for:

• Its dramatic Renaissance design—with statuary by Francesco and Camillo Camilliani, relocating a Florentine work to Palermo’s public square :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}.
• The scandalous nudity of its figures sparked outrage among Palermitans and churchgoers, earning it the nickname “Fountain of Shame” :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}.
• Its political symbolism: built in front of the town hall (Palazzo Pretorio), it was seen by some critics as a “corruption allegory.” Damage to statues and calls of “shame” reflected public sentiment :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}.
• Its exquisite sculptural detail—mythological figures, allegorical rivers (Palermo’s four rivers), animals and grotesques make it a photographer’s dream :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}.

Entry & Visit Details

• Public Access: Free and open at all times—no tickets required.
• Guided Tours: Available via Palazzo delle Aquile concierge, including an underground tour of the fountain's hydraulic ducts—must be pre-booked :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11}.
• Photography: Allowed and popular; best light is early morning or late afternoon :contentReference[oaicite:12]{index=12}.
• Restoration: Surrounded by protective fencing since late 20th‑century restoration (1998–2003) :contentReference[oaicite:13]{index=13}.

History & Architecture

Florentine Origins (1554): Designed by Francesco Camilliani for Don Pedro Alvarez de Toledo’s villa in Florence, housing 48 marble statues and framed by an arbor of 90 wooden columns praised by Vasari as “unparalleled in Italy” :contentReference[oaicite:14]{index=14}.
Transfer to Palermo (1574–1581): Purchased by Palermo Senate from Luigi de Toledo for about 30,000 scudi. Transported in 644 pieces and reassembled by Camillo Camilliani, with additions by Michelangelo Naccherino. Adjustments were made to fit the city square, demolishing nearby buildings :contentReference[oaicite:15]{index=15}.
Restorations: The fountain underwent heavy repair after centuries of damage and vandalism; a major restoration project completed in 2003 returned it to full splendour :contentReference[oaicite:16]{index=16}.

Things to Do Nearby

• Stroll around Piazza Pretoria and admire surrounding architecture—the Palazzo delle Aquile, Church of Santa Caterina, Palazzo Bonocore and San Giuseppe dei Teatini :contentReference[oaicite:17]{index=17}.
• Walk up to Quattro Canti, Palermo’s iconic crossroads—a few steps away :contentReference[oaicite:18]{index=18}.
• Visit nearby Quattro Canti, Palermo Cathedral, Norman Palace, and Teatro Massimo—prime Palermo attractions :contentReference[oaicite:19]{index=19}.
• Take an underground guided tour to see the fountain's pipes and mechanism via Palazzo delle Aquile :contentReference[oaicite:20]{index=20}.
• Enjoy Sicilian street food and cafés along Via Maqueda and in adjoining lanes :contentReference[oaicite:21]{index=21}.

Interesting Facts

• The fountain measures 133 m around and features three tiers of concentric marble basins :contentReference[oaicite:22]{index=22}.
• Statues personify the Twelve Olympian gods and the four rivers of Palermo: Oreto, Papireto, Maredolce and Gabriele :contentReference[oaicite:23]{index=23}.
• The topmost statue is the "Genius of Palermo", a symbol and protector of the city—adapted from Bacchus by poet Antonino Veneziano :contentReference[oaicite:24]{index=24}.
• Some statues have missing noses—rumored to be vandalism by residents of Messina out of jealousy :contentReference[oaicite:25]{index=25}.
• Featured on a 1973 Italian postage stamp and used as a music video setting as recently as 2022 :contentReference[oaicite:26]{index=26}.

Tips for Visiting

• Visit early morning or late afternoon for the best light and fewer people :contentReference[oaicite:27]{index=27}.
• Don't miss an underground tour to see the event antique hydraulics :contentReference[oaicite:28]{index=28}.
• Pair your visit with stops at Quattro Canti, the Cathedral or Teatro Massimo—everything is walking distance :contentReference[oaicite:29]{index=29}.
• Bring a camera with a wide-angle or detail lens to capture the intricate sculptures.
• Respect the fountain’s fenced perimeter and do not climb on the statues.
• Pair it with an evening aperitivo at a nearby café on Piazza Pretoria or Via Maqueda :contentReference[oaicite:30]{index=30}.